Acrylic fiber has excellent properties and is called " synthetic wool " because its properties are close to wool .
Usually, in daily life, when we buy polyacrylonitrile fiber for the merchant, it is commonly known as acrylic fiber. Acrylic synthetic fibers comprising a polyacrylonitrile or acrylonitrile copolymer of acrylonitrile content greater than 85%.
Over 100 years ago it had been prepared polyacrylonitrile but no suitable solvent could not be made fibers.
In 1942 , the German H. Rein and the American GH Latham discovered the dimethylformamide solvent almost simultaneously and successfully obtained the polyacrylonitrile fiber.
In 1950 , DuPont of the United States first carried out industrial production. Later , a variety of solvents were discovered to form a variety of production processes. In 1954 , Bayer AG of the Federal Republic of Germany used fiber copolymers of methyl acrylate and acrylonitrile to produce fibers, which improved fiber properties, improved practicability and promoted the development of polyacrylonitrile fibers.
In 1984, world production of polyacrylonitrile fiber is 2.4Mt.
Acrylic fiber has been greatly developed since its industrial production in 1950 . In 1996 , the world's total output of acrylic fiber was 2.52 million tons, and China's output was 297,000 tons. China 's production of acrylic fiber was vigorously developed.
Although acrylic fiber is usually called polyacrylonitrile fiber, acrylonitrile (commonly referred to as the first monomer) accounts for only 90 % to 94 %, second monomer accounts for 5 % to 8 %, and third monomer accounts for 0.3 % to 2.0 %. %. This is due to the lack of flexibility, brittleness, and dyeing of fibers made from a single acrylonitrile polymer.
In order to overcome these shortcomings of polyacrylonitrile, a method of adding a second monomer is used to make the fiber soft; and a third monomer is added to improve the dyeing ability.
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